Picture: Schematic representation that illustrates the key findings of the study (photo with kind permission of unist)
Quick and accurate identification of pathogenic microbes in patient samples is essential for effective treatment of acute infectious diseases such as sepsis. In situ hybridization technique with fluorescence (FISH) facilitates rapid detection and identification of microbes using differences in their genomic sequences without the necessary crops or sequencing that require a lot of time. However, the increasing volume of microbial genomic data is increasingly preventing the design of the right probe for microbial mixtures. A new set of pisch -based pischs based on peptide nucleic acids (ANP) has now been developed, offering the optimal specificity of the target by analyzing the 16s ribosomal sequence in different bacterial species. Due to their greater ability to penetrate bacteria and its greatest sensitivity to mismatch, these ANPs have successfully identified seven bacterial species commonly associated with bacteria with accuracy, which is between 96 % and 99.9 % using optimized fish technology. The detection is strengthened by the transmission of Förster’s resonance (FET) between the neighboring anp union probes, preventing cross reactivity between species. This approach allows fast and sequential identification of bacterial species with chemically divided fluorophores without sacrificing accuracy. Thanks to their exceptional accuracy and speeds, these techniques are very promising for clinical applications.
A team of scientists from Unist (Ulsan, Republic of Korea) has developed a diagnostic method capable of identifying infectious pathogens with an accuracy of almost 100 % in less than three hours. This method is much faster and more accurate than traditional bacterial culture and polymerase chain reaction analysis (PCR) and offers the potential to reduce mortality in critical conditions such as sepsis, where rapid antibiotics are necessary. In his study, published in Biosensors and bioelectronicsScientists have introduced a new diagnostic approach that uses probe based on Anp to detect pathogens. Fish technique works detecting fluorescent signals generated when the probe molecules bind to specific bacterial genetic sequences. This innovative method uses two ANP molecules at the same time and scientists design anp sequences, which are specially focused on ribosomal RNA of specific bacterial species analyzing genomic sequences of 20,000 species.
The ANP has greater sensitivity to sequential disagreements compared to conventional DNA probes and excellent penetration by bacterial cell walls. In addition, the requirement of both ANP molecules to connect to their place Diana before generating the signal, which significantly reduces the risk of diaphonia, which improves accuracy when more bacterial strains overlap. In tests of technology, it has successfully detected seven bacterial species, including E. coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa y Staphylococcus aureus With an accuracy greater than 99 % for all species, with the exception of Staphylococcus Aureus, which was detected with an accuracy of 96.3 %. The effectiveness of the method was also validated in mixed bacterial samples where Enterococcus y E. coli During the analysis, they identified themselves with an accuracy of greater than 99 %. The research team plans to perform more experiments with blood samples from real patients to explore clinical applications of this method.
“This method will help diagnose infections that require immediate treatment of antibiotics, such as sepsis, urinary tract infections and pneumonia, while helping to reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics,” said Professor Hajun Kim from Unist Biomedical Engineering.
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