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They exist 4 main blood groups: A, B, AB and O, which are determined by the genes that are inherited from the biological parents. Any type can be negative or positivemeaning continent or not it has another component called RH so there is a total 8 blood groups. However, so far total 46 blood group systems They are distinguished by antigens on their red blood cells. The best known are ABO and Rh, but there are many others that affect a smaller group of people. Now a group of researchers from the United Kingdom has found this out a new blood group they called MAL, 47th on the list.
A research team led by scientists from the UK National Health Service Blood and Transplant team based in Bristol, the International Blood Group Reference Laboratory (IBGRL) and the University of Bristol have discovered a new blood type. blood antigen AnWjpreviously known but mysterious, allowing for identification and treatment patients who lack of this antigen in blood With discovery they have solved “The Mystery of 50 Years”they say in a press release.
The AnWj antigen – the antigen is a surface marker – was discovered in 1972, but its genetic background was unknown until now. New research to be published in Bloodjournal of the American Society of Hematology, introduces a new blood group system (MAL), the 47th ever discovered, as the home for the AnWj antigen. Some may lack this component due to illness, but an unusual inherited form of the AnWj-negative phenotype It has only been found in a handful of people, although this discovery “will make it easier to find more in the future”.
Scientists were able to know after almost 20 years immersed in researchthan AnWj-negative people receiving AnWj-positive blood transfusions, they may have had a reaction. This research enables the development of new genotyping tests to detect unusual individuals and reduce the risk of complications associated with transfusions. More than 99.9% of humans are AnWj-positive, and these individuals have been shown to express the full-length MAL protein in their red blood cells, which was not present in the cells of AnWj-negative individuals. The team identified homozygous deletions in the MAL gene associated with an inherited AnWj-negative phenotype.
The most common reason you are AnWj-negative is suffering hematological disorder or some types of cancer that suppress antigen expression. Only a very small number of people are AnWj-negative from a genetic cause. In fact, there were only six genetically AnWj-negative individuals in the study. The research team used whole-exome sequencing – the genetic sequencing of all protein-coding DNA – to show that these rare inherited cases were caused by homozygous deletions of the DNA sequence in the MAL gene, which codes for the Mal protein.
